An overlooked conflict that occurred on Canadian land just before Confederation might not resonate widely in Canadian history, except in Fort Erie, Ontario. The 1866 Battle of Ridgeway, also known as Limestone Ridge, stands out as the first Canadian-led battle with Canadian officers. It also inspired Decoration Day, a precursor to Remembrance Day observed in some regions annually.
Despite its significance, the nine individuals who lost their lives in the battle are not commemorated in the Books of Remembrance on Parliament Hill. A new petition set for presentation in the House of Commons aims to include these fallen soldiers, along with the numerous casualties following the battle, in the official list.
Conservative MP Fred Davies, who represents the Niagara South riding encompassing Fort Erie, where the battle unfolded, emphasized the importance of acknowledging those who sacrificed their lives in defense of Canada. The Battle of Ridgeway, although not a clear victory for Canadians, saw inexperienced volunteers facing off against Fenian raiders, mostly American Civil War veterans.
Historian Peter Vronsky, author of “Ridgeway: The American Fenian Invasion And The 1866 Battle That Made Canada,” commended the rapid mobilization of Canadians from the Golden Horseshoe area but noted the lack of preparedness for what he described as Canada’s inaugural modern battle. The Canadian troops engaged the invaders but eventually retreated in disarray after a Fenian bayonet charge, prompting the Fenians to abandon their incursion.
While the outcome at Ridgeway was a battlefield defeat, it marked a turning point in the campaign against the Fenians. Davies stressed that despite organizational weaknesses and inadequate preparations, the bravery of those who fought to protect Canada should be recognized and honored.
A memorial site honoring the nine fallen soldiers from Ridgeway was erected in 2016, commemorating the 150th anniversary of the battle. Efforts to have their names included in the Books of Remembrance have been ongoing, with Fort Erie Mayor Wayne Redekop advocating for their rightful recognition.
Even though the Battle of Ridgeway predates the formation of Canada, the significance of honoring the fallen soldiers aligns with the remembrance of other pre-Confederation conflicts. The impact of the battle on Confederation was highlighted by Redekop, Davies, and Vronsky, who underscored its role in shaping both the nation’s history and identity.
Several regiments that participated in the 1866 battle continue to exist today, embodying the legacy of Canada’s modern armed forces. Alexander Muir, renowned for composing “The Maple Leaf Forever,” drew inspiration from his experience at Ridgeway, symbolizing the shift towards Canadians fighting for their homeland and identity.